A few people consider them cramped, whereas some joyfully lose themselves in these spaces for hours. Some served as workplaces, while others stood as sites of mortality. Some were constructed as military deterrents, but others glow with lights to craft a magical realm of hues.
Below are seven subterranean sites—mines, caves, catacombs, concrete bunkers, and tunnels—that are definitely worth exploring, provided you’re feeling brave enough.
In 2018, for 18 days, Tham Luang Nang Non, located in northern Thailand, gained worldwide recognition as the most famed cave system.
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Following a torrential rainstorm, 12 young members of the Wild Boars soccer club along with their coach found themselves ensnared far beneath the earth within a flooded cave system, unable to escape.
A global initiative encompassing divers, engineers, and volunteers
led to their rescue
from a rocky ledge 4km (2.5 miles) from the cave entrance.
Today, Tham Luang draws aficionados eager to discover the renowned location.
In Chamber 3, located 800 meters (0.5 miles) deep within, the space served as a control hub and storage facility for oxygen tanks, ropes, and communication cables. This region has been made accessible through guided group tours organized by forestry personnel along with local experts.
Each excursion lasts around three hours, and although they’re not risky, travelers must walk through some tight passages one at a time.
Combining elements of the bizarre with the eerie, the Paris Catacombs form a chilling underground burial ground holding the ancient bones of approximately six million Parisians. (In this crowded spot within the heavily visited city of Paris, you’ll appreciate having plenty of fellow visitors nearby.)
Initially constructed atop an extensive system of ancient limestone mines, this intricate network of subterranean passageways came into existence during the latter part of the 1700s as a solution for storing human remains due to insufficient space in nearby burial grounds.
Today, they remain intact: skulls in one section, femurs and hip bones in another—scientists are still uncertain about their original pairings.
Referred to as a repository of human remains, this chilling bone chamber attracts many visitors. Guided tours covering a 1.6-kilometer stretch of the underground hall of dread typically take around one hour.
During the Cold War era, Albania braced itself for military assaults that never materialized. Terrified of invasions from both capitalist and communist powers alike, the suspicious autocrat Enver Hoxha turned the struggling Balkan nation into one of the most fortified and secluded states globally.
Defenses encompassed the nationwide erection of approximately 175,000 structures.
concrete and steel fortifications
Some were big enough to accommodate soldiers or even whole village communities. Naturally, none of these sturdy bunkers ever saw action.
The true intent was to maintain fear among the Albanian population regarding external threats, thereby ensuring they remained utterly reliant on the domineering leader for protection and security.
A significant number of the military pillboxes were left unused following the fall of communism in the early 1990s; several have subsequently been converted into storage spaces, coffee shops, exhibition centers, and lodging establishments.
Discovered by Chinese refugees escaping Japanese forces during World War II, the Reed Flute Cave, located in Guilin, Guang Xi, was named after the local vegetation that was utilized for crafting conventional musical tools.
It is said that the enchanting melody created by the wind passing through the reeds inspired early Chinese flute players to create their compositions.
Today, the limestone cave close to Guilin presents a stunning array of stalactites, stalagmites, and stone columns. Lit up artificially, these structures look like various objects, animals, and mythological beings, turning the space into an underground sculpture museum.
The cave features ink writings such as poems and travel accounts, along with additional signs of human occupation that date over a millennium ago.
Situated on Corregidor Island within Manila Bay, the Malinta Tunnel complex consists of a 3,000-meter web of linked passages built by the US Army from 1922 to 1932.
The fortified bunker and storage complex included living quarters for personnel, office spaces, a power plant, and an air circulation system. It was later expanded to include a 1,000-bed medical center.
In 1942, during the Battle of Corregidor, the tunnel functioned as the command center for U.S. General Douglas MacArthur and also acted as the seat of governance for the Philippine Commonwealth government.
During peak operation times, over 4,000 individuals resided within the expansive military fortress.
In recent times, trams and walking tours have become favorites among tourists, whereas a sound and light show narrates the bravery, struggles, and atrocities experienced during wartime.
In a location deeply connected with mortality (where thousands of Japanese soldiers chose to take their own lives within the tunnels), it comes as no shock that certain visitors report hearing terrifying shrieks and catching glimpses of faint, spectral forms.
The National Coal Mining Museum for England highlights the legacy of the coal industry in Britain from the time of the Industrial Revolution in the 1700s.
Close to Overton in West Yorkshire, at one of the nation’s most historic coal mines, anxious guests cram into an old elevator that takes them down 140 meters (460 feet) beneath the earth.
Ex-miners serve as guides, blending their amusing personal stories with stark tales of past workplace hardships.
They outline the dangers miners encountered, the lack of safety regulations, and the prevalent use of child labor — whole families frequently labored together at the coal face.
Your guide will likewise talk about the displays, such as mining equipment from earlier times.
Up at the shaft top, the lines of lockers, showers, and metal bathtubs appear much more pristine compared to their condition during peak mining operations. Keep in mind to wear warm clothing as it can get quite cold below ground level.
Hang Son Doong
In Vietnam, this cave has been acknowledged as the largest in the world; however, when local farmer Ho Khanh first discovered its entrance in 1991, he was unaware of its importance.
Initially, the roar of flowing water and powerful blasts of wind discouraged him from exploring further. He found it challenging to recall the cave’s whereabouts during later trips.
In 2008, he finally located its position again and reached out to a group of British cavers who measured the passage and verified that it extended for at least 5 kilometers (3.1 miles).
In addition to underground rivers and lakes, a vibrant jungle habitat, 400-million-year-old fossils, and breathtaking geological structures, the cave also houses plant and animal species that cannot be found anywhere else on our planet.
By 2018, a new team of British cavers determined that Hang Son Doong is at minimum one-third bigger and considerably deeper than earlier estimates suggested.
And the trio who made this assertion? Jason Mallinson, Rick Stanton and Chris Jewell, who were key members of the team that had rescued the trapped Thai soccer players from Tham Luang Cave a year earlier.
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There’s real joy in traveling long distances, freeing oneself from the pressures of routine commutes for work or chores. Venturing beyond urban areas into remote locations grants liberty and introduces thrill through encountering novel sights, unfamiliar faces, and fresh encounters. As metropolitan zones grow increasingly hot and uncomfortable, such excursions provide a pleasant respite. Such drives can enhance psychological well-being by shifting attention away from everyday worries; they force concentration on navigation, offering ample moments for contemplation and relaxation. Additionally, these trips present opportunities to connect deeply with loved ones.
However, driving isn’t merely about the trip itself; it’s equally about where you end up. You dedicate considerable time traveling to your location, so this endpoint needs to aid relaxation, letting you relax and regain focus. It should rejuvenate you once you head back into urban living.
Traveling up to 300 kilometers away from Manila will lead you to some of Luzon Island’s most stunning vistas. This journey offers you and your fellow travelers a chance to delve into fresh cultural settings, engage with different local communities, savor distinct regional dishes, attempt novel activities, and gather memorable tales and connections along the way. Hence, we have picked out five locations within this radius from Manila where you can venture forth for an enhancing adventure.
Atok, Benguet (289 kms)
Atok in Benguet has consistently been a preferred destination for travelers journeying through the Cordillera using the Halsema Highway. For many years, Barangay Cattubo in Atok, which sits at 2,255 meters above sea level, held the title as the highest point within the Philippine highway network until this recognition shifted to Tinoc. Nonetheless, Atok isn’t merely a pitstop; it’s also a captivating location where visitors can spend multiple days exploring. Thanks to its elevated position, Atok ranks among the chilliest spots in the country—more so than both Baguio and Sagada.
Atok features numerous flower farms you can tour, with the Northern Blossom Flower Farm being particularly notable for its expansive fields filled with vibrant blooms spread across many hectares. Besides these floral attractions, Atok provides various sites worth visiting including Sakura Park, Wagangan Rock Formations, the Osocan Spanish Trail, and Mount Timbak.
Malico, San Nicolas, Pangasinan (216 kilometers away)
The recently launched Villaverde Trail, which links San Nicolas in Pangasinan with Santa Fe in Nueva Vizcaya, is a paradise for thrill-seekers. This route provides breathtaking views as you travel across the Caraballo mountain range, offering tourists insights into one of the significant conflicts from World War II along with sampling locally grown highland veggies and fruits. Spanning a length of 46 kilometers between San Nicolas and Santa Fe, this freshly finished path ascends to approximately 1,300 meters above sea level at Barangay Malico, where numerous lodgings now welcome travelers looking to extend their stays. Additionally, guests may enjoy activities like camping, hiking, exploring cascades, and indulging in berry-picking adventures.
Gumaca, Quezon (214 kms)
One of the earliest towns in Quezon province, Gumaca offers visitors who are keen on history, tradition, and artistic expression a fascinating destination. Numerous ancestral homes along the town’s historic roads remain open for tourists wanting to admire their impressive Castilian style and charm. Established initially in 1582, the grand San Diego de Alcala Cathedral preserves its stunning Baroque structure alongside its initial Neo-Gothic altar piece and intricate trompe-l’oeil ceiling art.
Also located here is the Baluarte de San Diego de Alcala, a fort constructed in the 18th century to protect the town against pirates. The ideal time to explore Gumaca is on May 15, when they celebrate the yearly Arana’t Baluarte Festival. This event serves as a gratitude celebration for the plentiful yields harvested annually by local farmers.

Luna, La Union (297 km)
Previously called Namacpacan (derived from an Ilocano term meaning “the provider”), the town was later named after Doña Laureana Novicio Luna, the mother of Juan and Antonio, both natives of Namacpacan. The municipality is recognized as a significant pilgrimage destination due to the revered Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception of Namacpacan, famous for numerous reported miracles and healings.
Luna is famous for its cobblestone beaches found in Nalvo Sur and Dariagayos. The structure known as Bahay na Boto, built completely out of stones, attracts many visitors in Luna. Within Barangay Victoria, remnants of an ancient Spanish sentry tower, referred to as Baluarte, stand as a testament to Namacpacan’s significance as a surveillance site back when Spain ruled the area.
Baler, Aurora (271 kms)
One of my go-to spots when I want some solitude is Baler. The picturesque journey via Pantabangan Dam and Sierra Madre leading into this charming coastal town never fails to impress me. In Baler, rising with the dawn allows one to witness an awe-inspiring sunrise over the vast expanse of the Pacific Ocean. While renowned among surfing enthusiasts, Baler also serves as a delightful spot for those who just want to immerse themselves in the local culture, savor regional cuisine, and mingle with friendly locals.
Baler serves as a key starting point for explorations of the Pacific region: hiking to secluded waterfalls, discovering tucked-away coves and shores, and enjoying interactions with the welcoming Dumagat people.
Greece, with its numerous islands and islets organized into various archipelagos, offers an array of stunning locations. Whether you’re planning a short break or an extended stay, we’ve compiled a selection of the loveliest Greek islands across different groups — ranging from the well-known Cycladic gems like Santorini and Mykonos to the captivating spots such as Rhodes and Patmos in the Dodecanese.
Situated in the Aegean Sea, between Attica and the Peloponnese, lie the Saronic Islands, which are the ones nearest to Athens. The closest island can be reached within just under 40 minutes via hydrofoil from Piraeus, while the farthest takes no more than 2 hours and 30 minutes.
In this vehicle-free haven, exploration is possible via a mule ride or a taxi boat journey. Otherwise, simply meander at will through undulating terrains adorned with traditional whitewashed fishers’ cabins, elegant manors, tiny monastic retreats, alongside sprawling pine and olive forests. Combining genuine charm with opulent comforts,
Hydra
enhances its sophisticated, international reputation, making it a favorite spot for celebrities and artists ranging from Brigitte Bardot to Mick Jagger.
This bicycle-friendly island has been a favoured holiday destination for the Greek aristocracy for several centuries now. Land-wise, its vast pine forest offers some great walks, with hidden coves, isolated little churches and, on the higher ground, a 360° panoramic view of the Argolic Gulf. Sea-wise, the well-maintained beaches are very popular throughout summer, but the coves do not enjoy a similar popularity. In the evening, the best place to go is the harbour, home to the island’s main bars, hotels and clubs.
Located northeast of Athens and situated off the eastern coast of the Pelion peninsula in the Aegean Sea, the Sporades island group can be accessed via ferry from the mainland cities of Agios Konstantinos and Volos, which are found in Thessaly.
Skiathos, the tiniest gem among the Sporades islands, thrives during peak tourist season and boasts an abundance of attractions. Known for its bustling ports, crystal-clear bays, and numerous pristine sand beaches, the island’s primary allure stems from its coastal delights, sailing excursions, and vibrant evening scenes.
More isolated and untamed than its siblings, this one
A Greek island located in the Sporades group
It possesses a special allure. In the hillside town of Chóra, you can stroll along the twisting paths beneath a Byzantine stronghold, while further inland lie extensive untouched areas that will undoubtedly enchant nature enthusiasts and trekkers alike.
Located in the southern Aegean Sea, situated between Athens and Crete, the Cyclades archipelago comprises an array of islands that encircle the holy island of Delos, which lies approximately 150 kilometers south of Greece’s main city.
Nestled against the slopes of an old volcano, white settlements with azure rooftops meet winding paths along cliff edges. From western shores covered in black sands to southern stretches boasting red or pristine white gravel beaches, this place offers stunning vistas. You can relish locally sourced seafood on picturesque terraced areas, shop at chic stores, and lose yourself in nightlife at trendy bars until dawn.
Santorini
It stands as the most popular among the 24 inhabited islands of the Cyclades, and rightfully so!
This small island at the heart of the Cyclades boasts neither residents nor accommodations; visitors’ sole purpose for coming here lies in exploring this sacred site, believed to be the legendary birthplace of Artemis and Apollo. Throughout the island, one can uncover remarkable archaeological treasures such as the remnants of Apollo’s sanctuary, the imposing lion statues on Lion Hill, and the opulent mansions within the Theater Quarter—all testaments to the grandiose Hellenistic legacy of Delos.
Boasting whitewashed buildings converted into upscale hotels cascading towards the ocean, a maze of streets filled with vibrant bars, and bustling beaches teeming with life around the clock, Mykonos reigns as the ultimate party destination in Greece. However, this Cycladic island also offers additional attractions such as two intriguing museums (the Archaeological Museum and the Maritime Museum of the Aegean), stunning monasteries, and delightful hiking paths perfect for exploration.
For windsurfers and kitesurfers, Paros serves as an ideal destination, offering numerous attractions: a vibrant and bustling main city, harbors filled with fishing boats surrounded by terraced areas perfect for enjoying seaside lunches, countless beaches and secluded coves, plus interiors showcasing stunningly beautiful scenery. This enchanting island will surely captivate your heart!
Perched on the rocky cliffs with its whitewashed buildings and towering churches hanging above the precipice, Folégrandros appears to balance precariously between the sea and the sky when viewed from the Aegean Sea. This tiny island near Milos offers opportunities for hiking across harsh, mountainous terrains, snorkeling in the pristine waters of several bays such as Agios Nikolaos and Katergo, and marveling at one of the
most spectacular views of the Cyclades
from the picturesque town of Hora.
Located approximately one hundred kilometers northeast of Athens in the Aegean Sea, this cluster of eight significant islands stretches along the coastlines of Greece and Turkey from Thrace to İzmir.
A sprawling desert plateau scoured by strong winds, rugged mountain ranges interspersed with lush valleys, oozo famous globally, one of the biggest fossilized wood deposits in the world located at Sigri, numerous historical sites from ancient times through Ottoman and Genoese periods, along with some quieter shores… Lesvos, close to Turkey’s coastline, makes for an excellent destination.
Overlooking the Thracian shore, Thassos stands as the most northerly Greek island. Its mountains rise from the crystal-clear Aegean Sea, forming a striking backdrop against a verdant terrain dotted with pines. The shoreline features an array of golden sands, craggy cliffs, and secluded bays. Nature enthusiasts can revel in this haven, but so too will those captivated by history—thanks to the captivating ruins found in ancient settlements like Limenas and Aliki.
Although Samos is relatively small, its scenery boasts an impressive diversity. Within the island’s interior, picturesque villages perch precariously on rugged inclines, towering peaks conceal dense pine woods interspersed with scrublands and scattered terraced vineyards. By contrast, along the shoreline, you will encounter stark white limestone cliffs, stony coves, and expansive sandy beaches. To the southern part of the island stands the ancient Temple of Hera, a significant Greek sanctuary constructed some 27 centuries past, which continues to attract many visitors even today.
Bathed by the waters of the Aegean Sea, the Dodecanese island chain lies southeast of mainland Greece, just offshore from the Turkish region of the Aegean. This makes it the most easterly group of islands in Greece.
Renowned for its former Colossus, one of the lost Wonders of the Ancient World, Rhodes offers everything you might desire: an enchanting old town encircled by walls, magnificent ancient ruins in Líndos and Kamiros, a remarkable variety of architectural influences (including Italian, Byzantine, and traditional Greek), countless beaches, and perfect conditions for kitesurfing. This island caters to every preference!
Discover our
complete handbook for Rhodes, the biggest island in the Dodecanese group
On this island within the Dodecanese archipelago, life moves at an unhurried rhythm. Meander through its twisting paths and uncover the unexpected Cave of the Apocalypse, alongside the majestic Monastery of Saint John the Theologian—a UNESCO World Heritage site. Afterward, delve into the island’s scenic allure featuring extensive stone terrains, sandy shores, and rugged bays.
Discover our
complete handbook for Patmos, the most enigmatic island in the Dodecanese
Close enough to swim from Turkey’s coast lies the island of Symi, renowned for its harbor at Gialos. This picturesque inlet is framed by neoclassical buildings and vibrant homes perched on the hillsides. However, nature remains the main attraction here—think expansive bays, dramatic cliff faces, and trails adorned with chapels running across ridge lines. Get ready to explore an untouched gem where wilderness thrives despite its manageable size.
Extending over three bodies of water (the Adriatic, Ionian, and Aegean Seas), the Ionian Islands start just below Albania (Corfu) and stretch down parallel to Greece’s western coastline, finally ending west of the Peloponnese (Kythera).
Located west of mainland Greece, Corfu offers a distinctive blend of secluded bays and shores, rich with ancient Byzantine and Venetian history alongside charming traditional villages. Additionally, one must highlight the delectable local dishes, exquisite olive oil, vibrant community festivities, and countless attractions.
water sports activities
Available on the island. Your very own slice of heaven right here on Earth!
Discover our
complete handbook for Corfu, the gem of the Ionian archipelago
Kefalonia stands as the premier natural getaway. Characterized by stunning landscapes, this remarkable island features peninsulas, rugged promontories, sprawling pine woods, golden sands like the beautiful Mýrtos Beach, secluded bays, and submerged caverns. Hiking paths up Mount Ainos provide breathtaking vistas over the Corinthian Gulf. In the southern region, one encounters lush olive orchards, fruitful tree plantations, and extensive vineyards, adding an exquisite finishing touch to Kefalonia’s charm.
Discover our
complete guide to Kefalonia, the gem of the Ionian Sea
Observe the expansive plain bounded by beaches to the east, where the terrain features dramatic cliffs dotted with caves lie to the west. The island is blanketed with pine forests, olive orchards, and vineyards. Zakynthos presents a striking variation in landscapes. A maritime excursion around the island allows exploration of some of its most stunning cliffs, caves, and coves, which remain mostly unreachable overland.
Discover our
complete handbook for Zakynthos, the island with a thousand coves
lines
While Paris might be considered the most romantic city globally, this shouldn’t stop you from savoring it solo! These five experiences can make your trip truly memorable when enjoyed alone.
If you’re embarking on a solo trip to Paris or simply have some personal time to spare in the city, here are five suggestions for maximizing your alone time there.
You might be unaware of this, but Paris is brimming with stunning swimming pools, primarily local municipal ones, offering an opportunity to appreciate the architectural beauty and occasionally enjoy scenic views as you swim some lengths. Notable examples include the Butte-aux-Cailles pool (13).
th
the arrondissement), which is a designated historical landmark; and the Josephine Baker swimming pool (13
th
In the arrondissement, the city boasts the sole floating pool; the Emile-Anthoine pool (15).
th
arrondissement), offering an astounding view of the nearby Eiffel Tower; and the Pailleron (19
th
arrondissement) and Pontoise (5
th
Arrondissement), these pools are masterpieces of Art Deco style. Constructed by the same architect, the magnificent Molitor pool (16
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It is ideal for a wellness retreat in a classic setting.
If you’re seeking something uniquely enjoyable to do alone, Paris offers three distinct racetracks — Longchamp, Auteuil, and Vincennes — where you can immerse yourself in the excitement of race nights. Enhance your experience by dressing elegantly, making bets on one or multiple races, and savoring the thrill as the horses gallop by, potentially winning big!
Paris boasts an abundance of museums. Yet, you might have visited some of the well-known ones or prefer avoiding large groups. In that case, consider exploring lesser-trodden options like the Chocolate Museum, the Catacombs, the Perfume Museum, the Galerie Dior, the Caves du Louvre, the French Postal History Museum, or for those with a bold streak, the Paris Sewer Museum.
Indulge in the quintessential tourist adventure in Paris with a boat ride along the Seine River. As you glide past, admire the numerous iconic landmarks lining the shores. For those exploring the city anew, pay close attention during your tour to gain deeper insights into the heart of this magnificent capital.
Keep in mind that Vedettes de Paris provides a complimentary boat tour for guests celebrating their birthdays. This makes for an excellent opportunity to enjoy the festivities with your loved ones later that day!
Undoubtedly, Paris stands out as one of the premier locations for savoring a cup of coffee or a cocktail on a terrace, where you can soak in the city’s dynamic energy and immerse yourself in the essence of the metropolis. Settle in, choose a book to peruse through a couple of chapters, but remember to set it aside to observe the authentic performance playing out right before your gaze.
Experience the close-knit ambiance of these towns and uncover the genuine essence of Spain, away from the busy city life of major metropolitan areas.
When thinking of Spain, large bustling cities such as Madrid, Barcelona, and Seville frequently come to mind. However,
Spain’s typical charm
It also lies in its tiny, charming villages, where history, natural splendor, and a particular genuineness converge to provide you with remarkable memories.
Perched on top of majestic cliffs,
mountains of Andalusia
Ronda is an awe-inspiring town renowned primarily for its striking Puente Nuevo, the impressive bridge arching over the steep El Tajo canyon. Meander along the winding cobblestone lanes, explore the historic Plaza de Toros bullring—one of Spain’s earliest—and relish the stunning vistas from the vantage points above the city.
Nestling on
Catalonia
‘s Mediterranean coast, Cadaqués is a charming coastal town renowned for its whitewashed houses, picturesque alleyways and pristine beaches. Explore the unspoilt historic centre, visit the home of artist Salvador Dalí in Portlligat, and relax on the golden sandy beaches you can find all along the bay.
Perched atop a hill with a formidable medieval castle overshadowing the landscape, Trujillo is a historically rich town located in the Extremadura region of Western Spain. Meander through the cobblestone lanes, marvel at the well-preserved Renaissance mansions and ancient places of worship, then head over to the central plaza featuring a monument dedicated to Francisco Pizarro, the renowned Spanish conqueror.
Nestled along the Mediterranean coastline of the Valencian Community lies Peñíscola, an enchanting seaside town renowned for its striking medieval fortress and pristine golden sand beaches. Wander through the historic walled district, meander down the charming cobblestone lanes, and admire the bright white cottages as you take in sweeping vistas from atop the castle walls.
Located amidst the Osona region’s peaks in Catalonia, Rupit is a quaint, untouched medieval village featuring stone dwellings, cobblestone lanes, and an enchanting timber bridge. As you explore deeper along the riverside, make sure to stop at the Romanesque church of Sant Miquel and soak in the breathtaking mountain vistas surrounding this charming locale.
Nestled on the northern coastline of Spain, Cudillero is a quaint fishing community known for its vibrant charm. The area features brightly painted homes cascading towards the water’s edge. Meander through the bustling waterfront promenade, delve into the winding lanes within the old district, and savor some freshly caught delicacies at one of the numerous eateries scattered throughout this coastal haven.
Situated in the Alto Guadalquivir area of Andalusia, Alberobello is renowned for its distinctive trulli—white limestone dwellings featuring characteristic cone-shaped rooftops. Wander through the historical district, designated as a UNESCO World Heritage site, meander down the winding lanes filled with artisan stores, and uncover the intriguing past of these singular structures.
Boasting meticulously maintained medieval lanes, arched bridges, and a stunning fortress, Besalú stands as a lesser-known gem in Catalonia. Explore the historical Jewish district, visit the Romanesque church of Sant Pere, and traverse the fortified bridge from the 12th century.
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-a century-old bridge crossing the Fluvià River.